CVSS v3.1
7.5
CVSS v4.0
8.7
EPSS
0.14%
Published
Apr 6, 2026
Modified
Jul 24, 2026
Public PoC / Exploit
All weaponized →No public PoC or exploit code indexed for this CVE.
Links to public security research (Exploit-DB, Nuclei, Trickest, GitHub) for defensive use only.
Description
Bulwark Webmail is a self-hosted webmail client for Stalwart Mail Server. Prior to 1.4.11, the getClientIP() function in lib/admin/session.ts trusted the first (leftmost) entry of the X-Forwarded-For header, which is fully controlled by the client. An attacker could forge their source IP address to bypass IP-based rate limiting (enabling brute-force attacks against the admin login) or forge audit log entries (making malicious activity appear to originate from arbitrary IP addresses). This vulnerability is fixed in 1.4.11.
CVSS Vector
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:NWeaknesses (CWE)
Affected Products (1)
References (1)