In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: net/sched: Always pass notifications when child class becomes empty Certain classful qdiscs may invoke their classes' dequeue handler on an enqueue operation. This may unexpectedly empty the child qdisc and thus make an in-flight class passive via qlen_notify(). Most qdiscs do not expect such behaviour at this point in time and may re-activate the class eventually anyways which will lead to a use-after-free. The referenced fix commit attempted to fix this behavior for the HFSC case by moving the backlog accounting around, though this turned out to be incomplete since the parent's parent may run into the issue too. The following reproducer demonstrates this use-after-free: tc qdisc add dev lo root handle 1: drr tc filter add dev lo parent 1: basic classid 1:1 tc class add dev lo parent 1: classid 1:1 drr tc qdisc add dev lo parent 1:1 handle 2: hfsc def 1 tc class add dev lo parent 2: classid 2:1 hfsc rt m1 8 d 1 m2 0 tc qdisc add dev lo parent 2:1 handle 3: netem tc qdisc add dev lo parent 3:1 handle 4: blackhole echo 1 | socat -u STDIN UDP4-DATAGRAM:127.0.0.1:8888 tc class delete dev lo classid 1:1 echo 1 | socat -u STDIN UDP4-DATAGRAM:127.0.0.1:8888 Since backlog accounting issues leading to a use-after-frees on stale class pointers is a recurring pattern at this point, this patch takes a different approach. Instead of trying to fix the accounting, the patch ensures that qdisc_tree_reduce_backlog always calls qlen_notify when the child qdisc is empty. This solves the problem because deletion of qdiscs always involves a call to qdisc_reset() and / or qdisc_purge_queue() which ultimately resets its qlen to 0 thus causing the following qdisc_tree_reduce_backlog() to report to the parent. Note that this may call qlen_notify on passive classes multiple times. This is not a problem after the recent patch series that made all the classful qdiscs qlen_notify() handlers idempotent.

linux · debian

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: usb: acpi: Prevent null pointer dereference in usb_acpi_add_usb4_devlink() As demonstrated by the fix for update_port_device_state, commit 12783c0b9e2c ("usb: core: Prevent null pointer dereference in update_port_device_state"), usb_hub_to_struct_hub() can return NULL in certain scenarios, such as during hub driver unbind or teardown race conditions, even if the underlying usb_device structure exists. Plus, all other places that call usb_hub_to_struct_hub() in the same file do check for NULL return values. If usb_hub_to_struct_hub() returns NULL, the subsequent access to hub->ports[udev->portnum - 1] will cause a null pointer dereference.

linux

In the moPS App through 1.8.618, all users can access administrative API endpoints without additional authentication, resulting in unrestricted read and write access, as demonstrated by /api/v1/users/resetpassword.

FreshRSS is a self-hosted RSS feed aggregator. Prior to version 1.26.2, when the server is using HTTP auth via reverse proxy, it's possible to impersonate any user either via the `Remote-User` header or the `X-WebAuth-User` header by making specially crafted requests via the add feed functionality and obtaining the CSRF token via XPath scraping. The attacker has to know the IP address of the proxied FreshRSS instance and the admin's username, while also having an account on the instance. An attacker can send specially crafted requests in order to gain unauthorized access to internal services. This can also lead to privilege escalation like in the demonstrated scenario, although users that have setup OIDC are not affected by privilege escalation. Version 1.26.2 contains a patch for the issue.

freshrss

vBulletin 5.0.0 through 5.7.5 and 6.0.0 through 6.0.3 allows unauthenticated users to invoke protected API controllers' methods when running on PHP 8.1 or later, as demonstrated by the /api.php?method=protectedMethod pattern, as exploited in the wild in May 2025.

vbulletin

Personal Weather Station Dashboard 12_lts allows unauthenticated remote attackers to read arbitrary files via ../ directory traversal in the test parameter to /others/_test.php, as demonstrated by reading the server's private SSL key in cleartext.

Inedo ProGet through 2024.22 allows remote attackers to reach restricted functionality through the C# reflection layer, as demonstrated by causing a denial of service (when an attacker executes a loop calling RestartWeb) or obtaining potentially sensitive information. Exploitation can occur if Anonymous access is enabled, or if there is a successful CSRF attack.

VisiCut 2.1 allows stack consumption via an XML document with nested set elements, as demonstrated by a java.util.HashMap StackOverflowError when reference='../../../set/set[2]' is used, aka an "insecure deserialization" issue.

visicut

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: usb: xhci: Don't skip on Stopped - Length Invalid Up until commit d56b0b2ab142 ("usb: xhci: ensure skipped isoc TDs are returned when isoc ring is stopped") in v6.11, the driver didn't skip missed isochronous TDs when handling Stoppend and Stopped - Length Invalid events. Instead, it erroneously cleared the skip flag, which would cause the ring to get stuck, as future events won't match the missed TD which is never removed from the queue until it's cancelled. This buggy logic seems to have been in place substantially unchanged since the 3.x series over 10 years ago, which probably speaks first and foremost about relative rarity of this case in normal usage, but by the spec I see no reason why it shouldn't be possible. After d56b0b2ab142, TDs are immediately skipped when handling those Stopped events. This poses a potential problem in case of Stopped - Length Invalid, which occurs either on completed TDs (likely already given back) or Link and No-Op TRBs. Such event won't be recognized as matching any TD (unless it's the rare Link TRB inside a TD) and will result in skipping all pending TDs, giving them back possibly before they are done, risking isoc data loss and maybe UAF by HW. As a compromise, don't skip and don't clear the skip flag on this kind of event. Then the next event will skip missed TDs. A downside of not handling Stopped - Length Invalid on a Link inside a TD is that if the TD is cancelled, its actual length will not be updated to account for TRBs (silently) completed before the TD was stopped. I had no luck producing this sequence of completion events so there is no compelling demonstration of any resulting disaster. It may be a very rare, obscure condition. The sole motivation for this patch is that if such unlikely event does occur, I'd rather risk reporting a cancelled partially done isoc frame as empty than gamble with UAF. This will be fixed more properly by looking at Stopped event's TRB pointer when making skipping decisions, but such rework is unlikely to be backported to v6.12, which will stay around for a few years.

linux

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: gpio: aggregator: protect driver attr handlers against module unload Both new_device_store and delete_device_store touch module global resources (e.g. gpio_aggregator_lock). To prevent race conditions with module unload, a reference needs to be held. Add try_module_get() in these handlers. For new_device_store, this eliminates what appears to be the most dangerous scenario: if an id is allocated from gpio_aggregator_idr but platform_device_register has not yet been called or completed, a concurrent module unload could fail to unregister/delete the device, leaving behind a dangling platform device/GPIO forwarder. This can result in various issues. The following simple reproducer demonstrates these problems: #!/bin/bash while :; do # note: whether 'gpiochip0 0' exists or not does not matter. echo 'gpiochip0 0' > /sys/bus/platform/drivers/gpio-aggregator/new_device done & while :; do modprobe gpio-aggregator modprobe -r gpio-aggregator done & wait Starting with the following warning, several kinds of warnings will appear and the system may become unstable: ------------[ cut here ]------------ list_del corruption, ffff888103e2e980->next is LIST_POISON1 (dead000000000100) WARNING: CPU: 1 PID: 1327 at lib/list_debug.c:56 __list_del_entry_valid_or_report+0xa3/0x120 [...] RIP: 0010:__list_del_entry_valid_or_report+0xa3/0x120 [...] Call Trace: <TASK> ? __list_del_entry_valid_or_report+0xa3/0x120 ? __warn.cold+0x93/0xf2 ? __list_del_entry_valid_or_report+0xa3/0x120 ? report_bug+0xe6/0x170 ? __irq_work_queue_local+0x39/0xe0 ? handle_bug+0x58/0x90 ? exc_invalid_op+0x13/0x60 ? asm_exc_invalid_op+0x16/0x20 ? __list_del_entry_valid_or_report+0xa3/0x120 gpiod_remove_lookup_table+0x22/0x60 new_device_store+0x315/0x350 [gpio_aggregator] kernfs_fop_write_iter+0x137/0x1f0 vfs_write+0x262/0x430 ksys_write+0x60/0xd0 do_syscall_64+0x6c/0x180 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x76/0x7e [...] </TASK> ---[ end trace 0000000000000000 ]---

linux

decNumberCopy in decNumber.c in jq through 1.7.1 does not properly consider that NaN is interpreted as numeric, which has a resultant stack-based buffer overflow and out-of-bounds write, as demonstrated by use of --slurp with subtraction, such as a filter of .-. when the input has a certain form of digit string with NaN (e.g., "1 NaN123" immediately followed by many more digits).

jqlang

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: arm64: ftrace: consistently handle PLTs. Sometimes it is necessary to use a PLT entry to call an ftrace trampoline. This is handled by ftrace_make_call() and ftrace_make_nop(), with each having *almost* identical logic, but this is not handled by ftrace_modify_call() since its introduction in commit: 3b23e4991fb66f6d ("arm64: implement ftrace with regs") Due to this, if we ever were to call ftrace_modify_call() for a callsite which requires a PLT entry for a trampoline, then either: a) If the old addr requires a trampoline, ftrace_modify_call() will use an out-of-range address to generate the 'old' branch instruction. This will result in warnings from aarch64_insn_gen_branch_imm() and ftrace_modify_code(), and no instructions will be modified. As ftrace_modify_call() will return an error, this will result in subsequent internal ftrace errors. b) If the old addr does not require a trampoline, but the new addr does, ftrace_modify_call() will use an out-of-range address to generate the 'new' branch instruction. This will result in warnings from aarch64_insn_gen_branch_imm(), and ftrace_modify_code() will replace the 'old' branch with a BRK. This will result in a kernel panic when this BRK is later executed. Practically speaking, case (a) is vastly more likely than case (b), and typically this will result in internal ftrace errors that don't necessarily affect the rest of the system. This can be demonstrated with an out-of-tree test module which triggers ftrace_modify_call(), e.g. | # insmod test_ftrace.ko | test_ftrace: Function test_function raw=0xffffb3749399201c, callsite=0xffffb37493992024 | branch_imm_common: offset out of range | branch_imm_common: offset out of range | ------------[ ftrace bug ]------------ | ftrace failed to modify | [<ffffb37493992024>] test_function+0x8/0x38 [test_ftrace] | actual: 1d:00:00:94 | Updating ftrace call site to call a different ftrace function | ftrace record flags: e0000002 | (2) R | expected tramp: ffffb374ae42ed54 | ------------[ cut here ]------------ | WARNING: CPU: 0 PID: 165 at kernel/trace/ftrace.c:2085 ftrace_bug+0x280/0x2b0 | Modules linked in: test_ftrace(+) | CPU: 0 PID: 165 Comm: insmod Not tainted 5.19.0-rc2-00002-g4d9ead8b45ce #13 | Hardware name: linux,dummy-virt (DT) | pstate: 60400005 (nZCv daif +PAN -UAO -TCO -DIT -SSBS BTYPE=--) | pc : ftrace_bug+0x280/0x2b0 | lr : ftrace_bug+0x280/0x2b0 | sp : ffff80000839ba00 | x29: ffff80000839ba00 x28: 0000000000000000 x27: ffff80000839bcf0 | x26: ffffb37493994180 x25: ffffb374b0991c28 x24: ffffb374b0d70000 | x23: 00000000ffffffea x22: ffffb374afcc33b0 x21: ffffb374b08f9cc8 | x20: ffff572b8462c000 x19: ffffb374b08f9000 x18: ffffffffffffffff | x17: 6c6c6163202c6331 x16: ffffb374ae5ad110 x15: ffffb374b0d51ee4 | x14: 0000000000000000 x13: 3435646532346561 x12: 3437336266666666 | x11: 203a706d61727420 x10: 6465746365707865 x9 : ffffb374ae5149e8 | x8 : 336266666666203a x7 : 706d617274206465 x6 : 00000000fffff167 | x5 : ffff572bffbc4a08 x4 : 00000000fffff167 x3 : 0000000000000000 | x2 : 0000000000000000 x1 : ffff572b84461e00 x0 : 0000000000000022 | Call trace: | ftrace_bug+0x280/0x2b0 | ftrace_replace_code+0x98/0xa0 | ftrace_modify_all_code+0xe0/0x144 | arch_ftrace_update_code+0x14/0x20 | ftrace_startup+0xf8/0x1b0 | register_ftrace_function+0x38/0x90 | test_ftrace_init+0xd0/0x1000 [test_ftrace] | do_one_initcall+0x50/0x2b0 | do_init_module+0x50/0x1f0 | load_module+0x17c8/0x1d64 | __do_sys_finit_module+0xa8/0x100 | __arm64_sys_finit_module+0x2c/0x3c | invoke_syscall+0x50/0x120 | el0_svc_common.constprop.0+0xdc/0x100 | do_el0_svc+0x3c/0xd0 | el0_svc+0x34/0xb0 | el0t_64_sync_handler+0xbc/0x140 | el0t_64_sync+0x18c/0x190 | ---[ end trace 0000000000000000 ]--- We can solve this by consistently determining whether to use a PLT entry for an address. Note that since (the earlier) commit: f1a54ae9 ---truncated---

linux

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: blk-iolatency: Fix inflight count imbalances and IO hangs on offline iolatency needs to track the number of inflight IOs per cgroup. As this tracking can be expensive, it is disabled when no cgroup has iolatency configured for the device. To ensure that the inflight counters stay balanced, iolatency_set_limit() freezes the request_queue while manipulating the enabled counter, which ensures that no IO is in flight and thus all counters are zero. Unfortunately, iolatency_set_limit() isn't the only place where the enabled counter is manipulated. iolatency_pd_offline() can also dec the counter and trigger disabling. As this disabling happens without freezing the q, this can easily happen while some IOs are in flight and thus leak the counts. This can be easily demonstrated by turning on iolatency on an one empty cgroup while IOs are in flight in other cgroups and then removing the cgroup. Note that iolatency shouldn't have been enabled elsewhere in the system to ensure that removing the cgroup disables iolatency for the whole device. The following keeps flipping on and off iolatency on sda: echo +io > /sys/fs/cgroup/cgroup.subtree_control while true; do mkdir -p /sys/fs/cgroup/test echo '8:0 target=100000' > /sys/fs/cgroup/test/io.latency sleep 1 rmdir /sys/fs/cgroup/test sleep 1 done and there's concurrent fio generating direct rand reads: fio --name test --filename=/dev/sda --direct=1 --rw=randread \ --runtime=600 --time_based --iodepth=256 --numjobs=4 --bs=4k while monitoring with the following drgn script: while True: for css in css_for_each_descendant_pre(prog['blkcg_root'].css.address_of_()): for pos in hlist_for_each(container_of(css, 'struct blkcg', 'css').blkg_list): blkg = container_of(pos, 'struct blkcg_gq', 'blkcg_node') pd = blkg.pd[prog['blkcg_policy_iolatency'].plid] if pd.value_() == 0: continue iolat = container_of(pd, 'struct iolatency_grp', 'pd') inflight = iolat.rq_wait.inflight.counter.value_() if inflight: print(f'inflight={inflight} {disk_name(blkg.q.disk).decode("utf-8")} ' f'{cgroup_path(css.cgroup).decode("utf-8")}') time.sleep(1) The monitoring output looks like the following: inflight=1 sda /user.slice inflight=1 sda /user.slice ... inflight=14 sda /user.slice inflight=13 sda /user.slice inflight=17 sda /user.slice inflight=15 sda /user.slice inflight=18 sda /user.slice inflight=17 sda /user.slice inflight=20 sda /user.slice inflight=19 sda /user.slice <- fio stopped, inflight stuck at 19 inflight=19 sda /user.slice inflight=19 sda /user.slice If a cgroup with stuck inflight ends up getting throttled, the throttled IOs will never get issued as there's no completion event to wake it up leading to an indefinite hang. This patch fixes the bug by unifying enable handling into a work item which is automatically kicked off from iolatency_set_min_lat_nsec() which is called from both iolatency_set_limit() and iolatency_pd_offline() paths. Punting to a work item is necessary as iolatency_pd_offline() is called under spinlocks while freezing a request_queue requires a sleepable context. This also simplifies the code reducing LOC sans the comments and avoids the unnecessary freezes which were happening whenever a cgroup's latency target is newly set or cleared.

linux

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: nfc: nci: add flush_workqueue to prevent uaf Our detector found a concurrent use-after-free bug when detaching an NCI device. The main reason for this bug is the unexpected scheduling between the used delayed mechanism (timer and workqueue). The race can be demonstrated below: Thread-1 Thread-2 | nci_dev_up() | nci_open_device() | __nci_request(nci_reset_req) | nci_send_cmd | queue_work(cmd_work) nci_unregister_device() | nci_close_device() | ... del_timer_sync(cmd_timer)[1] | ... | Worker nci_free_device() | nci_cmd_work() kfree(ndev)[3] | mod_timer(cmd_timer)[2] In short, the cleanup routine thought that the cmd_timer has already been detached by [1] but the mod_timer can re-attach the timer [2], even it is already released [3], resulting in UAF. This UAF is easy to trigger, crash trace by POC is like below [ 66.703713] ================================================================== [ 66.703974] BUG: KASAN: use-after-free in enqueue_timer+0x448/0x490 [ 66.703974] Write of size 8 at addr ffff888009fb7058 by task kworker/u4:1/33 [ 66.703974] [ 66.703974] CPU: 1 PID: 33 Comm: kworker/u4:1 Not tainted 5.18.0-rc2 #5 [ 66.703974] Workqueue: nfc2_nci_cmd_wq nci_cmd_work [ 66.703974] Call Trace: [ 66.703974] <TASK> [ 66.703974] dump_stack_lvl+0x57/0x7d [ 66.703974] print_report.cold+0x5e/0x5db [ 66.703974] ? enqueue_timer+0x448/0x490 [ 66.703974] kasan_report+0xbe/0x1c0 [ 66.703974] ? enqueue_timer+0x448/0x490 [ 66.703974] enqueue_timer+0x448/0x490 [ 66.703974] __mod_timer+0x5e6/0xb80 [ 66.703974] ? mark_held_locks+0x9e/0xe0 [ 66.703974] ? try_to_del_timer_sync+0xf0/0xf0 [ 66.703974] ? lockdep_hardirqs_on_prepare+0x17b/0x410 [ 66.703974] ? queue_work_on+0x61/0x80 [ 66.703974] ? lockdep_hardirqs_on+0xbf/0x130 [ 66.703974] process_one_work+0x8bb/0x1510 [ 66.703974] ? lockdep_hardirqs_on_prepare+0x410/0x410 [ 66.703974] ? pwq_dec_nr_in_flight+0x230/0x230 [ 66.703974] ? rwlock_bug.part.0+0x90/0x90 [ 66.703974] ? _raw_spin_lock_irq+0x41/0x50 [ 66.703974] worker_thread+0x575/0x1190 [ 66.703974] ? process_one_work+0x1510/0x1510 [ 66.703974] kthread+0x2a0/0x340 [ 66.703974] ? kthread_complete_and_exit+0x20/0x20 [ 66.703974] ret_from_fork+0x22/0x30 [ 66.703974] </TASK> [ 66.703974] [ 66.703974] Allocated by task 267: [ 66.703974] kasan_save_stack+0x1e/0x40 [ 66.703974] __kasan_kmalloc+0x81/0xa0 [ 66.703974] nci_allocate_device+0xd3/0x390 [ 66.703974] nfcmrvl_nci_register_dev+0x183/0x2c0 [ 66.703974] nfcmrvl_nci_uart_open+0xf2/0x1dd [ 66.703974] nci_uart_tty_ioctl+0x2c3/0x4a0 [ 66.703974] tty_ioctl+0x764/0x1310 [ 66.703974] __x64_sys_ioctl+0x122/0x190 [ 66.703974] do_syscall_64+0x3b/0x90 [ 66.703974] entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x44/0xae [ 66.703974] [ 66.703974] Freed by task 406: [ 66.703974] kasan_save_stack+0x1e/0x40 [ 66.703974] kasan_set_track+0x21/0x30 [ 66.703974] kasan_set_free_info+0x20/0x30 [ 66.703974] __kasan_slab_free+0x108/0x170 [ 66.703974] kfree+0xb0/0x330 [ 66.703974] nfcmrvl_nci_unregister_dev+0x90/0xd0 [ 66.703974] nci_uart_tty_close+0xdf/0x180 [ 66.703974] tty_ldisc_kill+0x73/0x110 [ 66.703974] tty_ldisc_hangup+0x281/0x5b0 [ 66.703974] __tty_hangup.part.0+0x431/0x890 [ 66.703974] tty_release+0x3a8/0xc80 [ 66.703974] __fput+0x1f0/0x8c0 [ 66.703974] task_work_run+0xc9/0x170 [ 66.703974] exit_to_user_mode_prepare+0x194/0x1a0 [ 66.703974] syscall_exit_to_user_mode+0x19/0x50 [ 66.703974] do_syscall_64+0x48/0x90 [ 66.703974] entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x44/0x ---truncated---

linux

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: net: sched: Disallow replacing of child qdisc from one parent to another Lion Ackermann was able to create a UAF which can be abused for privilege escalation with the following script Step 1. create root qdisc tc qdisc add dev lo root handle 1:0 drr step2. a class for packet aggregation do demonstrate uaf tc class add dev lo classid 1:1 drr step3. a class for nesting tc class add dev lo classid 1:2 drr step4. a class to graft qdisc to tc class add dev lo classid 1:3 drr step5. tc qdisc add dev lo parent 1:1 handle 2:0 plug limit 1024 step6. tc qdisc add dev lo parent 1:2 handle 3:0 drr step7. tc class add dev lo classid 3:1 drr step 8. tc qdisc add dev lo parent 3:1 handle 4:0 pfifo step 9. Display the class/qdisc layout tc class ls dev lo class drr 1:1 root leaf 2: quantum 64Kb class drr 1:2 root leaf 3: quantum 64Kb class drr 3:1 root leaf 4: quantum 64Kb tc qdisc ls qdisc drr 1: dev lo root refcnt 2 qdisc plug 2: dev lo parent 1:1 qdisc pfifo 4: dev lo parent 3:1 limit 1000p qdisc drr 3: dev lo parent 1:2 step10. trigger the bug <=== prevented by this patch tc qdisc replace dev lo parent 1:3 handle 4:0 step 11. Redisplay again the qdiscs/classes tc class ls dev lo class drr 1:1 root leaf 2: quantum 64Kb class drr 1:2 root leaf 3: quantum 64Kb class drr 1:3 root leaf 4: quantum 64Kb class drr 3:1 root leaf 4: quantum 64Kb tc qdisc ls qdisc drr 1: dev lo root refcnt 2 qdisc plug 2: dev lo parent 1:1 qdisc pfifo 4: dev lo parent 3:1 refcnt 2 limit 1000p qdisc drr 3: dev lo parent 1:2 Observe that a) parent for 4:0 does not change despite the replace request. There can only be one parent. b) refcount has gone up by two for 4:0 and c) both class 1:3 and 3:1 are pointing to it. Step 12. send one packet to plug echo "" | socat -u STDIN UDP4-DATAGRAM:127.0.0.1:8888,priority=$((0x10001)) step13. send one packet to the grafted fifo echo "" | socat -u STDIN UDP4-DATAGRAM:127.0.0.1:8888,priority=$((0x10003)) step14. lets trigger the uaf tc class delete dev lo classid 1:3 tc class delete dev lo classid 1:1 The semantics of "replace" is for a del/add _on the same node_ and not a delete from one node(3:1) and add to another node (1:3) as in step10. While we could "fix" with a more complex approach there could be consequences to expectations so the patch takes the preventive approach of "disallow such config". Joint work with Lion Ackermann <nnamrec@gmail.com>

linux

Rack provides an interface for developing web applications in Ruby. Prior to versions 2.2.11, 3.0.12, and 3.1.10, Rack::CommonLogger can be exploited by crafting input that includes newline characters to manipulate log entries. The supplied proof-of-concept demonstrates injecting malicious content into logs. When a user provides the authorization credentials via Rack::Auth::Basic, if success, the username will be put in env['REMOTE_USER'] and later be used by Rack::CommonLogger for logging purposes. The issue occurs when a server intentionally or unintentionally allows a user creation with the username contain CRLF and white space characters, or the server just want to log every login attempts. If an attacker enters a username with CRLF character, the logger will log the malicious username with CRLF characters into the logfile. Attackers can break log formats or insert fraudulent entries, potentially obscuring real activity or injecting malicious data into log files. Versions 2.2.11, 3.0.12, and 3.1.10 contain a fix.

rack

On 64-bit systems, the implementation of VOP_VPTOFH() in the cd9660, tarfs and ext2fs filesystems overflows the destination FID buffer by 4 bytes, a stack buffer overflow. A NFS server that exports a cd9660, tarfs, or ext2fs file system can be made to panic by mounting and accessing the export with an NFS client. Further exploitation (e.g., bypassing file permission checking or remote kernel code execution) is potentially possible, though this has not been demonstrated. In particular, release kernels are compiled with stack protection enabled, and some instances of the overflow are caught by this mechanism, causing a panic.

An issue was discovered in GPAC v0.8.0, as demonstrated by MP4Box. It contains a heap-based buffer overflow in gf_m2ts_process_pmt in media_tools/mpegts.c:2163 that can cause a denial of service (DOS) via a crafted MP4 file.

gpac

Grocy through 4.3.0 has no CSRF protection, as demonstrated by changing the Administrator's password.

grocy_project

GoCD is a continuous deliver server. GoCD versions prior to 24.4.0 can allow GoCD "group admins" to abuse ability to edit the raw XML configuration for groups they administer to trigger XML External Entity (XXE) injection on the GoCD server. Theoretically, the XXE vulnerability can result in additional attacks such as SSRF, information disclosure from the GoCD server, and directory traversal, although these additional attacks have not been explicitly demonstrated as exploitable. This issue is fixed in GoCD 24.5.0. Some workarounds are available. One may temporarily block access to `/go/*/pipelines/snippet` routes from an external reverse proxy or WAF if one's "group admin" users do not need the functionality to edit the XML of pipelines directly (rather than using the UI, or using a configuration repository). One may also prevent external access from one's GoCD server to arbitrary locations using some kind of environment egress control.

thoughtworks

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: wifi: nl80211: fix NL80211_ATTR_MLO_LINK_ID off-by-one Since the netlink attribute range validation provides inclusive checking, the *max* of attribute NL80211_ATTR_MLO_LINK_ID should be IEEE80211_MLD_MAX_NUM_LINKS - 1 otherwise causing an off-by-one. One crash stack for demonstration: ================================================================== BUG: KASAN: wild-memory-access in ieee80211_tx_control_port+0x3b6/0xca0 net/mac80211/tx.c:5939 Read of size 6 at addr 001102080000000c by task fuzzer.386/9508 CPU: 1 PID: 9508 Comm: syz.1.386 Not tainted 6.1.70 #2 Call Trace: <TASK> __dump_stack lib/dump_stack.c:88 [inline] dump_stack_lvl+0x177/0x231 lib/dump_stack.c:106 print_report+0xe0/0x750 mm/kasan/report.c:398 kasan_report+0x139/0x170 mm/kasan/report.c:495 kasan_check_range+0x287/0x290 mm/kasan/generic.c:189 memcpy+0x25/0x60 mm/kasan/shadow.c:65 ieee80211_tx_control_port+0x3b6/0xca0 net/mac80211/tx.c:5939 rdev_tx_control_port net/wireless/rdev-ops.h:761 [inline] nl80211_tx_control_port+0x7b3/0xc40 net/wireless/nl80211.c:15453 genl_family_rcv_msg_doit+0x22e/0x320 net/netlink/genetlink.c:756 genl_family_rcv_msg net/netlink/genetlink.c:833 [inline] genl_rcv_msg+0x539/0x740 net/netlink/genetlink.c:850 netlink_rcv_skb+0x1de/0x420 net/netlink/af_netlink.c:2508 genl_rcv+0x24/0x40 net/netlink/genetlink.c:861 netlink_unicast_kernel net/netlink/af_netlink.c:1326 [inline] netlink_unicast+0x74b/0x8c0 net/netlink/af_netlink.c:1352 netlink_sendmsg+0x882/0xb90 net/netlink/af_netlink.c:1874 sock_sendmsg_nosec net/socket.c:716 [inline] __sock_sendmsg net/socket.c:728 [inline] ____sys_sendmsg+0x5cc/0x8f0 net/socket.c:2499 ___sys_sendmsg+0x21c/0x290 net/socket.c:2553 __sys_sendmsg net/socket.c:2582 [inline] __do_sys_sendmsg net/socket.c:2591 [inline] __se_sys_sendmsg+0x19e/0x270 net/socket.c:2589 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/common.c:51 [inline] do_syscall_64+0x45/0x90 arch/x86/entry/common.c:81 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x63/0xcd Update the policy to ensure correct validation.

linux

Astro is a web framework for content-driven websites. A bug in the build process allows any unauthenticated user to read parts of the server source code. During build, along with client assets such as css and font files, the sourcemap files **for the server code** are moved to a publicly-accessible folder. Any outside party can read them with an unauthorized HTTP GET request to the same server hosting the rest of the website. While some server files are hashed, making their access obscure, the files corresponding to the file system router (those in `src/pages`) are predictably named. For example. the sourcemap file for `src/pages/index.astro` gets named `dist/client/pages/index.astro.mjs.map`. This vulnerability is the root cause of issue #12703, which links to a simple stackblitz project demonstrating the vulnerability. Upon build, notice the contents of the `dist/client` (referred to as `config.build.client` in astro code) folder. All astro servers make the folder in question accessible to the public internet without any authentication. It contains `.map` files corresponding to the code that runs on the server. All **server-output** projects on Astro 5 versions **v5.0.3** through **v5.0.7**, that have **sourcemaps enabled**, either directly or through an add-on such as `sentry`, are affected. The fix for **server-output** projects was released in **astro@5.0.8**. Additionally, all **static-output** projects built using Astro 4 versions **4.16.17 or older**, or Astro 5 versions **5.0.8 or older**, that have **sourcemaps enabled** are also affected. The fix for **static-output** projects was released in **astro@5.0.9**, and backported to Astro v4 in **astro@4.16.18**. The immediate impact is limited to source code. Any secrets or environment variables are not exposed unless they are present verbatim in the source code. There is no immediate loss of integrity within the the vulnerable server. However, it is possible to subsequently discover another vulnerability via the revealed source code . There is no immediate impact to availability of the vulnerable server. However, the presence of an unsafe regular expression, for example, can quickly be exploited to subsequently compromise the availability. The fix for **server-output** projects was released in **astro@5.0.8**, and the fix for **static-output** projects was released in **astro@5.0.9** and backported to Astro v4 in **astro@4.16.18**. Users are advised to update immediately if they are using sourcemaps or an integration that enables sourcemaps.

astro