In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: usb: gadget: net2280: Fix double free in probe error path usb_initialize_gadget() installs gadget_release() as the release callback for the embedded gadget device. The struct net2280 instance is therefore released through gadget_release() when the gadget device's last reference is dropped. The probe error path calls net2280_remove(), which tears down the partially initialized device and drops the gadget reference with usb_put_gadget(). Calling kfree(dev) afterwards can free the same object again. Drop the explicit kfree() and let the gadget device release callback handle the final free. This issue was found by a static analysis tool I am developing.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: gpio: rockchip: teardown bugs and resource leaks Address several teardown issues and resource leaks in the driver's remove path and error handling: 1. Debounce clock reference leak: The debounce clock (bank->db_clk) is obtained using of_clk_get() which increments the clock's reference count, but clk_put() is never called. Register a devm action to cleanly release it on unbind. Note that of_clk_get(..., 1) remains necessary over devm_clk_get() because the DT binding does not define clock-names, precluding name-based lookup. 2. Unregistered chained IRQ handler: The chained IRQ handler is not disconnected in remove(). If a stray interrupt fires after the driver is removed, the kernel attempts to execute a stale handler, leading to a panic. Fix this by clearing the handler in remove(). 3. IRQ domain leak: The linear IRQ domain and its generic chips are allocated manually during probe but never removed. Remove the IRQ domain during driver teardown to free the associated generic chips and mappings. [Bartosz: don't emit an error message on devres allocation failure]

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: mm/damon/sysfs-schemes: delete tried region in regions_rmdirs() DAMON sysfs maintains the DAMOS tried region directory objects via a linked list. When the user requests refresh of the directories, DAMON sysfs removes all the region directories first, and then generate updated regions directory on the empty space. The removal function (damon_sysfs_scheme_regions_rm_dirs()) only puts the kobj objects. Deletion of the container region object from the linked list is done inside the kobj release callback function. If somehow the callback invocation is delayed, the list will contain regions list that gonna be freed. If the updated region directories creation is started in this situation, the list can be corrupted and use-after-free can happen. Because the kobj objects are managed by only DAMON sysfs, the issue cannot happen in normal situation. But, such delays can be made on kernels that built with CONFIG_DEBUG_KOBJECT_RELEASE. On the kernel, the issue can indeed be reproduced like below. # damo start --damos_action stat # cd /sys/kernel/mm/damon/admin/kdamonds/0/ # for i in {1..10}; do echo update_schemes_tried_regions > state; done # dmesg | grep underflow [ 89.296152] refcount_t: underflow; use-after-free. Fix the issue by removing the region object from the list when decrementing the reference count. Also update damos_sysfs_populate_region_dir() to add the region object to the list only after the kobject_init_and_add() is success, so that fail of kobject_init_and_add() is not leaving the deallocated object on the list. The issue was discovered [1] by Sashiko.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: gpio: shared: fix deadlock on shared proxy's parent removal Commit 710abda58055 ("gpio: shared: call gpio_chip::of_xlate() if set") used the mutex embedded in struct gpio_shared_entry to protect the offset field which now can be modified after assignment. The critical section however is too wide and introduced a potential deadlock on the removal of the shared GPIO proxy's parent. Make the critical section shorter - only protect the offset when it's being read. While at it: mention the fact that the entry lock is now also used to protect against concurrent access to the offset field in the structure's documentation.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: x86/ftrace: Relocate %rip-relative percpu refs in dynamic trampolines With CONFIG_CALL_DEPTH_TRACKING enabled on an x86 retbleed-affected platform (eg: Skylake), with retbleed=stuff, registering a dynamic ftrace trampoline crashes on the first call into the traced function: BUG: unable to handle page fault for address: ffff88817ae18880 #PF: supervisor write access in kernel mode #PF: error_code(0x0002) - not-present page PGD 4b53067 P4D 4b53067 PUD 0 Oops: Oops: 0002 [#1] SMP PTI CPU: 3 UID: 0 PID: 187 Comm: usleep Not tainted 7.0.10 #243 PREEMPT(full) Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS Arch Linux 1.17.0-2-2 04/01/2014 Code: 24 78 00 00 00 00 48 89 ea 48 89 54 24 20 48 8b b4 24 b8 00 00 00 48 8b bc 24 b0 00 00 00 48 89 bc 24 80 00 00 00 48 83 ef 05 <65> 48 c1 3d 1f a8 b6 02 05 48 8b 15 f6 00 00 00 4c 89 3c 24 4c 89 Call Trace: <TASK> ? find_held_lock ? exc_page_fault ? lock_release ? __x64_sys_clock_nanosleep ? lockdep_hardirqs_on_prepare ? trace_hardirqs_on __x64_sys_clock_nanosleep do_syscall_64 ? exc_page_fault ? call_depth_return_thunk entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe ... Kernel panic - not syncing: Fatal exception This small reproducer allows to easily trigger the crash: # echo 'p __x64_sys_clock_nanosleep' > /sys/kernel/tracing/kprobe_events # echo 1 > /sys/kernel/tracing/events/kprobes/p___x64_sys_clock_nanosleep_0/enable # usleep 1 Monitoring the crash under GDB points to the exact instruction in charge of incrementing the call depth: sarq $5, %gs:__x86_call_depth(%rip) This instruction matches the one inserted by the ftrace_regs_caller from ftrace_64.S. This emitted code was likely working fine until the introduction of 59bec00ace28 ("x86/percpu: Introduce %rip-relative addressing to PER_CPU_VAR()"): it has made the call depth accounting addressing relative to $rip, instead of being based on an absolute address. As this code exact location depends on where the trampoline lives in memory, the corresponding displacement needs to be adjusted at runtime to actually correctly find the per-cpu __x86_call_depth value, otherwise the targeted address is wrong, leading to the page fault seen above. Fix the %rip-relative displacement of the copied CALL_DEPTH_ACCOUNT instruction (from ftrace_regs_caller) by calling text_poke_apply_relocation(), as it is done for example by the x86 BPF JIT compiler through x86_call_depth_emit_accounting(). This corrects both CALL_DEPTH_ACCOUNT slots, in ftrace_caller and ftrace_regs_caller. [ bp: Massage. ]

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: x86/mm: Disable broadcast TLB flush when PCID is disabled Booting with "nopcid" clears X86_FEATURE_PCID and keeps CR4.PCIDE from being set to one. On AMD CPUs that support INVLPGB, broadcast TLB flushing remains enabled. There are two checks that decide whether the global ASID code runs, mm_global_asid() and consider_global_asid(), that key off of the X86_FEATURE_INVLPGB feature. Once an mm becomes active on more than three CPUs, consider_global_asid() assigns it a global ASID, after which flush_tlb_mm_range() takes the broadcast_tlb_flush() path using a non-zero PCID. Issuing an INVLPGB with a non-zero PCID while CR4.PCIDE is not set results in a #GP: Oops: general protection fault, kernel NULL pointer dereference 0x1: 0000 [#1] SMP NOPTI CPU: 158 UID: 0 PID: 3119 Comm: snap Not tainted 7.1.0-rc3 #1 PREEMPT(full) Hardware name: ... RIP: 0010:broadcast_tlb_flush Code: ... 89 da 48 83 c8 07 <0f> 01 fe eb 08 cc cc cc ... Call Trace: <TASK> flush_tlb_mm_range ptep_clear_flush wp_page_copy ? _raw_spin_unlock __handle_mm_fault handle_mm_fault do_user_addr_fault exc_page_fault asm_exc_page_fault All processors that support broadcast TLB invalidation also have PCID support, so it is only the "nopcid" scenario that is of concern. In this situation just disable the broadcast TLB support using the CPUID dependency support by making X86_FEATURE_INVLPGB dependent on X86_FEATURE_PCID. [ bp: Massage commit message. ]

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: net: ethtool: phy: avoid NULL deref when PHY driver is unbound phydev->drv can become NULL while the phy_device is still attached to its net_device, namely after the PHY driver is unbound via sysfs: echo <mdio_id> > /sys/bus/mdio_bus/drivers/<phy_drv>/unbind phy_remove() clears phydev->drv but doesn't call phy_detach(), so the phy_device stays in the link topology xarray and ethnl_req_get_phydev() still hands it back. ETHTOOL_MSG_PHY_GET then oopses on: rep_data->drvname = kstrdup(phydev->drv->name, GFP_KERNEL); drvname is already treated as optional by phy_reply_size(), phy_fill_reply() and phy_cleanup_data(), so just skip the allocation when there is no driver bound.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: octeontx2-pf: fix double free in rvu_rep_rsrc_init() rvu_rep_rsrc_init() allocates queue memory before calling otx2_init_hw_resources(). When hardware resource setup fails, otx2_init_hw_resources() already unwinds the partially initialized SQ, CQ, and aura state before returning an error. The representor error path then calls otx2_free_hw_resources() again and can free the same resources a second time. Fix this by splitting the cleanup labels so that a failure from otx2_init_hw_resources() only releases queue memory. Keep the otx2_free_hw_resources() call for failures that happen after hardware resource initialization completed successfully. The bug was first flagged by an experimental analysis tool we are developing for kernel memory-management bugs while analyzing v6.13-rc1. The tool is still under development and is not yet publicly available. Manual inspection confirms that the bug is still present in v7.1-rc3. Runtime validation was not performed because reproducing this path requires OcteonTX2 representor hardware.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: octeontx2-pf: avoid double free of pool->stack on AQ init failure otx2_pool_aq_init() frees pool->stack when mailbox sync or retry allocation fails, but leaves the pointer unchanged. Later, otx2_sq_aura_pool_init() unwinds the partial setup through otx2_aura_pool_free(), which frees pool->stack again. The CN20K-specific cn20k_pool_aq_init() implementation has the same bug in its corresponding error path. Set pool->stack to NULL immediately after the local free so the shared cleanup path does not free the same stack again while cleaning up partially initialized pool state. The bug was first flagged by an experimental analysis tool we are developing for kernel memory-management bugs while analyzing v6.13-rc1. The tool is still under development and is not yet publicly available. Manual inspection confirms that the bug is still present in v7.1-rc3. Runtime validation was not performed because reproducing this path requires OcteonTX2/CN20K hardware.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: spi: ti-qspi: fix use-after-free after DMA setup failure The driver falls back to PIO mode if DMA setup fails during probe. Make sure to clear the DMA channel pointer also if buffer allocation fails to avoid passing a pointer to the released channel to the DMA engine (or trying to free the channel a second time on late probe errors or driver unbind). This issue was flagged by Sashiko when reviewing a devres allocation conversion patch.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: netfs: Fix potential UAF in netfs_unlock_abandoned_read_pages() netfs_unlock_abandoned_read_pages(rreq) accesses the index of the folios it is wanting to unlock and compares that to rreq->no_unlock_folio so that it doesn't unlock a folio being read for netfs_perform_write() or netfs_write_begin(). However, given that netfs_unlock_abandoned_read_pages() is called _after_ NETFS_RREQ_IN_PROGRESS is cleared, the one folio that it's not allowed to dereference is the one specified by ->no_unlock_folio as ownership immediately reverts to the caller. Fix this by storing the folio pointer instead and using that rather than the index. Also fix netfs_unlock_read_folio() where the same applies.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: wifi: iwlwifi: mld: don't dereference a pointer before NULL checking it In iwl_mld_remove_link, the link->fw_id is saved at the beginning of the function so we have it after we freed the link. But the link pointer can be NULL, and is not checked when the fw_id is stored. Fix it by simply freeing the link at the end of the function. fFixes: 0e66a39f4f0e ("wifi: iwlwifi: fix potential use after free in iwl_mld_remove_link()")

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: net/mlx5e: xsk: Fix unlocked writing to ICOSQ During napi poll, when the affinity changes and there's still XSK work to be done, we trigger an ICOSQ interrupt on the new CPU. However, this triggering on the ICOSQ is done unprotected. There are 2 such races: A) mlx5e_trigger_irq() is called while mlx5e_xsk_alloc_rx_mpwqe() is running from a different CPU due to affinity change. This can happen because IRQ triggering is done after napi_complete_done(). At this point the NAPI can be scheduled on a different CPU. Like this: CPU A (old affinity, NAPI tail) CPU B (new affinity, fresh NAPI) ------------------------------- -------------------------------- napi_complete_done() clears SCHED mlx5e_cq_arm(...) napi_schedule_prep() sets SCHED mlx5e_napi_poll() mlx5e_xsk_alloc_rx_mpwqe() mlx5e_icosq_sync_lock() // noop memcpy 640 B UMR body advance sq->pc by 10 mlx5e_trigger_irq(&c->icosq) wqe_info[pi] = {NOP, 1} mlx5e_post_nop() advances sq->pc B) mlx5e_trigger_irq() is called on the ICOSQ when mlx5e_trigger_napi_icosq() is running. The obvious fix would be to lock the ICOSQ. But ICOSQ has an optimized locking scheme that doesn't work for this scenario. Kick the async ICOSQ instead which is always locked. This issue was noticed in the wild with the following splat: netdevice: ge-0-0-1: Bad OP in ICOSQ CQE: 0xd WARNING: drivers/net/ethernet/mellanox/mlx5/core/en_rx.c:826 [...] [...] Call Trace: <IRQ> mlx5e_napi_poll+0x11d/0x7f0 [mlx5_core] __napi_poll+0x30/0x200 ? skb_defer_free_flush+0x9c/0xc0 net_rx_action+0x2fe/0x3f0 handle_softirqs+0xd8/0x340 __irq_exit_rcu+0xbc/0xe0 common_interrupt+0x85/0xa0 </IRQ> <TASK> asm_common_interrupt+0x26/0x40 [...] ---[ end trace 0000000000000000 ]--- mlx5_core 0000:08:00.0 ge-0-0-1: Error cqe on cqn 0x548, ci 0x2022, qn 0x8f4, opcode 0xd, syndrome 0x2, vendor syndrome 0x68 00000000: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00000010: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00000020: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00000030: 00 00 00 00 01 00 68 02 01 00 08 f4 de 14 59 d2 WQE DUMP: WQ size 16384 WQ cur size 0, WQE index 0x1e14, len: 64 00000000: 00 00 00 01 d9 ed 80 02 00 00 00 01 d9 ed 90 02 00000010: 00 00 00 01 d9 ed a0 02 00 00 00 01 d9 ed b0 02 00000020: 00 00 00 01 d9 ed c0 02 00 00 00 01 d9 ed d0 02 00000030: 00 00 00 01 d9 ed e0 02 00 00 00 01 d9 ed f0 02 mlx5_core 0000:08:00.0 ge-0-0-1: Error cqe on cqn 0x548, ci 0x2023, qn 0x8f4, opcode 0xd, syndrome 0x5, vendor syndrome 0xf9 00000000: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00000010: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00000020: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00000030: 00 00 00 00 01 00 f9 05 01 00 08 f4 de 15 cf d2

The Zephyr ext2 file system validates the on-disk superblock in ext2_verify_disk_superblock() (subsys/fs/ext2/ext2_impl.c) before completing a mount. The validator checked the magic number, block size, revision and feature flags, but did not verify that the on-disk fields s_blocks_per_group and s_inodes_per_group are non-zero. Both fields are read directly from the image and are later used as divisors during mount-time initialization. During mount, get_ngroups() divides and modulos s_blocks_count by s_blocks_per_group (reached via ext2_fetch_block_group() from ext2_init_fs()), and get_itable_entry() divides (ino - 1) by s_inodes_per_group when fetching the root inode (both in subsys/fs/ext2/ext2_diskops.c). A superblock with either field set to zero therefore causes an integer division by zero during the mount sequence. An attacker who can present a crafted ext2 image to a device that mounts ext2 — removable media such as an SD card or a USB mass-storage device — can trigger this. On ARMv7-M / ARMv8-M-mainline Cortex-M targets, divide-by-zero trapping is enabled (SCB_CCR_DIV_0_TRP), so the division raises a UsageFault that Zephyr treats as a fatal error, producing a denial of service. The impact is limited to availability; the malformed value is consumed only as a divisor. The fix rejects a zero s_blocks_per_group or s_inodes_per_group in the superblock validator, returning -EINVAL so the mount fails before any block-group or inode I/O occurs.

Datasets through 5.0.0, fixed in commit f989ef9, contains a path traversal vulnerability in folder-based dataset builders where the file_name metadata field is not properly validated before being joined to the dataset directory. Attackers can supply crafted file_name values with directory traversal sequences to read arbitrary local files, which are then embedded into output when save_to_disk or push_to_hub is called.

lakeFS through 1.83.0, fixed in commit 71a45ee, contains an authentication bypass vulnerability in the /setup_comm_prefs endpoint that allows unauthenticated attackers to overwrite operator metadata including email, name, and company after setup completion. Attackers can POST to this endpoint to modify security update preferences, disable security communications, and trigger falsified telemetry events using the legitimate installation ID.

lakefs

Unchecked input for loop condition (CWE-606) in the SNMP agent in Loytec LIP-ME201C, L-INX, L-GATE, L-ROC, L-IOB, L-DALI, L-VIS and L-PAD through 8.4.16 on LINX-A64 allows an unauthenticated remote attacker to cause persistent denial of service (CPU exhaustion) via a crafted SNMP GETNEXT request with a large OID component.

Reflected Cross-Site Scripting (CWE-79) in LWEB802 in Loytec LWEB-802 before 5.0.8 on all platforms allows an unauthenticated remote attacker to execute arbitrary JavaScript in a victim's browser and perform actions with the victim's privileges via a crafted link containing a malicious `project` or `mspParams` parameter.

Exposure of Sensitive Information (CWE-200) in LWEB802 browser `localStorage` in Loytec LWEB-802 before 5.0.8 on all platforms allows an unauthenticated remote attacker to leak stored management credentials via a crafted link.

Improper control of generation of code ('Code Injection') in the variables feature in Devolutions PowerShell Universal 2026.2.2 and earlier allows an authenticated user with variable write permission to execute arbitrary PowerShell code via a crafted variable value that is not properly escaped when written to the variables configuration file.

devolutions

Improper control of generation of code ('Code Injection') in the schedule feature in Devolutions PowerShell Universal 2026.2.2 and earlier allows an authenticated user with schedule creation permission to execute arbitrary PowerShell code via crafted schedule parameter names concatenated into a script invocation.

devolutions

Stored Cross-Site Scripting (CWE-79) in the OPC XML-DA server statistics in Loytec LIP-ME201C, L-INX, L-GATE, L-ROC, L-IOB, L-DALI, L-VIS and L-PAD through 8.4.16 on LINX-A64 allows an unauthenticated remote attacker to execute arbitrary JavaScript in an administrator's browser (session hijacking, credential theft, device reconfiguration) via a crafted `User-Agent` header in a `POST /da` request.